Design Principles: Question 7 - Anatomy of Type

http://blogs.wayne.edu/knktypography/tag/handglovery/

Typeface anatomy - Basic parts of a typeface

Ascender - The upward vertical stem on some lowercase letters, such as 'h' and 'b', that extends above the x-height is the ascender.

Aperture - The aperture is the partially enclosed, somewhat rounded negative space in some characters such as 'n', 'C', 'S', the lower part of 'e', or the upper part of a double-storey 'a'.

Axis - An imaginary line drawn from top to bottom of a glyph bisecting the upper and lower strokes is the axis.

Baseline - The imaginary line upon which the letters in a font appear to rest.

Bowl - The curved part of the character that encloses the circular or curved parts (counter) of some letters such as 'd', 'b', 'o', 'D', and 'B' is the bowl.

Bracket - The bracket is a curved or wedge-like connection between the stem and serif of some fonts. Not all serifs are bracketed serifs.

http://www.typographydeconstructed.com/

Quaint - An antiquated sort or glyph, used to recreate the typographic flavor of a bygone age.

Ampersand - A stylised character of the Latin et used to represent the word 'and'.

A beak is a type of decorative stroke at the end of the arm of a letter, connected to the arm by the terminal. Similar to a spur or serif, it is usually more pronounced.