Taken from Alec's blog - http://a-mezzetti1316-dp.blogspot.co.uk/2014/02/fromhttpwww.html
Colour Contrasts
(from:http://www.loveofgraphics.com/graphicdesign/color/colorcontrast/)
Q4 Contrast – in colour
Contrast is the perceived difference in colors
that are in close proximity to each other. Using contrast effectively not only
differentiates your design from others, it’s the essential ingredient that
makes content accessible to every viewer.
Colour
Warm colours — the reds, yellows
and oranges — advance, or come forward, while cool colours — blues and
variations — recede back.
Complimentary colours are opposites on
the colour wheel. These combinations
tend to vibrate if placed against each other. Beware of using purple/orange,
red/green, or blue/yellow in combination. Use only for extreme
attention-getting devices.
The Pure Colour
(Hue) Contrast
This results when pure colours are used in
random combinations. White and black can further enhance the vivid effect.
The
Light-Dark Contrast
This is based on the use of different
brightness and tone values of the colours. All colours can be lightened with
white, and darkened with black.
The
Cold-Warm Contrast
It´s greatest effect is achieved with the colours
orange-red and blue-green. All other colours appear cold or warm depending on
their contrast with warmer or colder hues.
The
Complementary Contrast
In the colour circle the complementary colours
occupy opposite positions. When they are mixed, the result is a neutral
grey-black. When adjacent, complementary colours mutually intensify their
luminosity to a maximum; when mixed, they extinguish each other to produce
grey-black.
The
Simultaneous Contrast
Its effect is derived from the law of complementary
colours, according to which each pure colour physiologically demands its
opposite colour – its complement. If this colour is absent, the eye will
produce it simultaneously. Strong green makes neutral grey next to it appear
reddish-grey, whereas the effect of strong red on the same grey is a
greenish-grey appearance.
The
Contrast of Quality (Color Saturation)
This is the contrast between luminous and dull
colors. Colors can be subdued by the addition of black, white, grey, or
complementary colors.
The
Contrast of Quantity
This is based on the opposition of coloured
areas of different sizes.
How
to use Contrast in Color
Subtle colors found in nature also make the best choices for most background or
minor elements, especially if type appears on the color.
·
Avoid bold, highly saturated primary colors
except in areas of maximum emphasis, and even then, use caution.
·
Choose colors from an analogous palette, or
colors that reside on the same quadrant of the color wheel.
·
Type must always contrast sharply with
background colors to be readable, but not too sharp to ease the impact on
readers eyes.
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